construction articles

As a core piece of equipment in the metallurgical, building materials, and chemical industries, the rotary kiln plays the critical role of transforming raw materials into finished products through high-temperature processing. Its stable operation relies not only on precise structural design but also, crucially, on the robust support of high-temperature-resistant materials. A rotary kiln is

Hot blast stoves, as core thermal equipment in industrial production, have performance and service life that largely depend on the selection of refractory materials. These refractory bricks act as guardians of the stove, silently enduring harsh conditions such as high temperatures and corrosion to ensure stable operation. The choice of refractory bricks varies with the

In high-temperature industrial sectors such as cement production, steel manufacturing, and non-ferrous metal smelting, the rotary kiln stands as the "heart" of the production line. Operating in a continuous 360-degree rotation, it performs critical processes like calcination and roasting of materials under extreme temperatures ranging from 1200°C to 1600°C. The key to the stable and

The consumption of refractory materials for steelmaking is substantial, and it directly affects the service life of steelmaking furnaces and smelting costs. Therefore, when selecting refractory materials, in addition to meeting the requirements of smelting processes, it is necessary to rationally utilize resources based on resource conditions, and continuously improve raw material calcination and brick-making

The ladle used in traditional steelmaking processes, such as the short-route ladle-ingot method, primarily employs refractory materials such as aluminosilicate bricks, semi-silica bricks, and pyrophyllite bricks. When used in long-route methods like secondary refining and continuous casting, the refractory materials include high-alumina bricks, dolomite bricks, zircon bricks, magnesia-chrome bricks, magnesia-carbon bricks, and alumina-magnesia bricks. Currently,

Steel ladles are primarily used for containing molten steel. Before tapping, the ladle must be preheated and baked. During tapping, molten steel at approximately 1650°C is poured from the furnace into the ladle. The ladle not only endures intense thermal and mechanical shocks from the molten steel but also suffers chemical erosion from a small

Castables are granular and powdered materials made from refractory substances, combined with a certain amount of binder and water, forming a highly fluid mixture suitable for shaping by casting. To enhance fluidity or reduce water content, plasticizers or water-reducing agents may be added. Additionally, hardening accelerators may be incorporated to promote setting and hardening. Since

Silica brick is a refractory product primarily composed of silica (SiO₂ content ≥93%). It is manufactured from quartzite with a small amount of mineralizer and fired at high temperatures. Its mineral composition consists of a multiphase structure including tridymite, cristobalite, residual quartz, and a glassy phase formed at high temperatures. As an acidic refractory material,

Generally speaking, refractory materials are inorganic non-metallic materials with a refractoriness of no less than 1580°C. Refractoriness refers to the stability of a refractory material in resisting high-temperature effects without load, that is, its ability to resist melting or softening under high-temperature, no-load conditions. This property represents the fundamental performance of refractory materials. Since refractory

Structure of Converter A converter is generally composed of a converter furnace body, supporting mechanism, tilting mechanism, oxygen supply mechanism, etc. For top-blown oxygen converters, bottom-blown converters, and top-bottom combined blown converters, due to different oxygen and gas supply methods, the corresponding equipment structures also vary. The following mainly describes the structure of each part